| Fort Dalles | |
|---|---|
| The Dalles, Oregon at [1] | |
The Surgeon’s Quarters of Fort Dalles |
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| Type | Military base |
| Built | 1850 |
| Built by | Major Tucker |
| Construction materials |
wood |
| In use | 1850-1867 |
| Demolished | 1867 |
| Controlled by | United States Army |
| Garrison | 9th Infantry |
| Commanders | George Wright |
Fort Dalles was a United States Army outpost located on the Columbia River at the present site of The Dalles, Oregon, in the United States. Built when Oregon was a territory, the post was used mainly for dealing with wars with Native Americans. The post was first known as Camp and then Fort Drum.[2]
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In the fall of 1849 United States Army troops arrived in the new Oregon Territory.[3] This Rifle Regiment established a military base at The Dalles on the Columbia River.[3] Built in 1850, the log fort was constructed under the supervision of Major Tucker.[3] Prior to the arrival of federal troops, the location had been used as a post by the militia of the Oregon Provisional Government under the command of Henry A. G. Lee during the Cayuse War and was named Fort Lee and Fort Wascopam.[4] The post was built at the site of the former Wascopam Mission operated by the Methodist Mission.[4]
New buildings were built from 1856 to 1858 under the direction of the commander Captain Thomas Jordan at a cost of nearly $500,000.[4] In 1858, the log fort was torn down and a new fort was constructed under the command of Colonel George Wright.[3] Wright was in command of the 9th Infantry. The site overlooked an encampment used by Lewis & Clark in October 1805.[3]
During the Yakima Wars Fort Dalles served as operational headquarters for the Army.[5] The garrison had eight companies of troops assigned during this time.[5] After these wars the post was downgraded to a quartermaster’s depot in 1861.[5] A fire burned down the officer’s quarters in 1866.[4] Fort Dalles was then abandoned in 1867.[5]
The Fort Dalles Museum is located in the surgeon’s quarters built in 1856 during the Yakima Wars, and the only remaining officer's house from that period. Exhibits include arrowheads, military and pioneer artifacts, period antiques and photographs, tools, weapons, saddles, and information about the fort.[6]
The Anderson Homestead includes the 1895 Anderson House, which is a Swedish log house, a granary and a barn. Tours are included with admission to the museum.
There is also a building housing antique horse-drawn wagons and carriages, early automobiles and other vehicles.
The Fort Dalles Surgeon's Quarters is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. It is considered one of Oregon's finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture.[7]
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